Motor is the source of power in the industrial field. The mutual conversion of electrical energy and kinetic energy is realized through the interaction between electricity and magnetism. The motor in narrow sense mainly refers to the motor, in broad sense can include the motor and generator. Motor occupies a pivotal position in the global industrial automation market and is widely used in metallurgy, electric power, petrochemical, coal, mining, building materials, papermaking, municipal engineering, water conservancy, shipbuilding, port handling and other fields
In recent years, the current situation of the motor industry, the motor industry from small to large, the overall trend of growth, but the increase is small, and the industry profit declined. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the sales revenue of China's motor manufacturing industry was 888.4 billion yuan in 2017, basically the same as the previous year, while the total profit was 56.4 billion yuan, a slight decline from the previous year.
The reason is that after the rising price of silicon steel, copper aluminum, casting, etc., the motor industry is faced with various cost pressures caused by the rising price of mechanical equipment. The year 2017 has been called by the media as the "black swan" year of the motor industry, followed by environmental inspection, rising prices of raw materials, receded subsidies for new energy policies, and devaluation of the RMB... , let the motor enterprises unprepared.
From the perspective of enterprise development, compared with the revenue data of domestic listed motor enterprises in 2017, it can be found that nearly half of them suffered a serious decline in profits, and only a few of them could still maintain a growth trend.
From the change of the number of enterprises above the scale, the statistical data of the National Bureau of Statistics shows that in 2017, the number of motor manufacturing enterprises above the scale in China only increased by 5 compared with 2016, with a total of 2,854.
I. six major problems faced by the development of the motor industry:
1. Equipment automation level is not high, which affects product quality and production efficiency
Foreign advanced motor manufacturing enterprises generally adopt production lines and processing centers with high degree of automation for production efficiency and product reliability. There is still a certain distance between China and the international advanced level in automation and intelligence of production equipment and testing equipment.
2. Structural problems of supply and demand are prominent
Overcapacity in low-end products and insufficient supply of high-end products have severely restricted the development quality of the industry. The degree of core technology autonomy of main products needs to be improved urgently. The development foundation of a considerable number of major products in the industry is still the extended development of imported technologies in the 1990s, and the space for continuous improvement and independent innovation is limited. Key products have obvious shortcomings in product series and key performance indicators. In recent years, the trade deficit of import and export has been high. A careful analysis of the composition of the trade deficit has a lot to do with the objective existence of the trade deficit.
3. Serious homogeneity of products in the industry
From the perspective of product homogeneity, the technical content of motor manufacturing industry products in China is relatively low, and most of the products are general, special products are few, the product homogeneity phenomenon is serious. Due to the small difference between products, the competition between products is fierce, and the overall product competitiveness of the industry is weak.
4. Weak industry profitability
In terms of the overall profitability of the industry, the sales profit margin of China's motor manufacturing industry was about 6.3% in 2017, with a trend of continuous decline and weak profitability.
5. Cost increases rapidly
After the rising price of silicon steel, copper and aluminum, casting, the motor industry is also facing various cost pressures caused by the rise in the price of mechanical equipment. In 2018, after several rounds of price adjustments from upstream enterprises, major industrial motor manufacturers in China collectively raised their prices by 10% to 12%. In the first quarter of 2018, the price of iron and steel rose rapidly, some furnace charges continued to rise (e.g. At the same time by the lack of market demand, production capacity too much impact, low price competition is still fierce. In addition to the cost of raw materials, labor costs, environmental protection costs, accessories in various chips and components and other related costs have also increased significantly.
6. Increased pressure on enterprise operation
On the supply side of the structure further adjustment of environment, due to the motor industry companies in emerging industries products and technical service ability is relatively weak, and traditional services continue to capacity, the uncertainty of market demand increase, traditional industry is facing both to grasp the service object and transformation and upgrading of traditional industries new demand, structural adjustment, to speed up cultivating meet intelligent manufacturing, new energy, new materials, life sciences and other emerging industry demand ability, form the development of the industry new kinetic energy of a difficult task.
Second, the new trend of the development of intelligent motor industry
For traditional motors, the control center (CMCC) controls the number of motors according to the need and consists of multiple motor control units MCC. Each MCC includes circuit breakers, contactors, thermal relays, motor starters, frequency converters, monitors, and other equipment. These devices are connected to the detection instrument through a large number of hardware wiring. The meter operator reads the meter on the spot, and then the control worker checks the motor operation parameters collected, decides the next operation of the motor, and finally sends the operation instructions to MCC for execution.
Due to the increasingly high degree of informationization and automation of modern industrial production, the traditional motor control center can no longer meet the user's requirements for motor control and protection. With the development and integration of industrial drive and control field and big data platform, a new type of motor system is produced, which we call intelligent motor. It integrates the motor movement, diagnosis, protection, control, communication and other functions, can achieve the motor system self-diagnosis, self-protection, self-regulating, remote control and other functions. Furthermore, if big data technology and cloud computing technology are combined, the failure and life of the motor can be predicted in advance, and the motor energy efficiency can be self-adaptive management, so as to accurately fit the development direction of high efficiency and energy saving and intelligent manufacturing.
With the development of the equipment manufacturing industry in China to the high, fine and sharp direction and the integration of industrialization and informatization, the development of intelligent motor will become an inevitable trend.